ProChem Suite v2 - ISC Toolkit (Formatted)

Concentration Converter

Convert M, m, % w/w, Mole Fraction (X).

Known Value

Value:

From Unit:

To Unit:

Required Information

Solute MW (g/mol):

Solvent MW (g/mol):

Solution Density (g/mL):

Colligative Properties

Calculate ΔT_b, ΔT_f, or Osmotic Pressure (Π).

Common Inputs

Property to Calculate:

Van't Hoff Factor (i):

Solute MW (g/mol):

Molarity (C or M) (mol/L):

Molality (m) (mol/kg solvent):

Molarity (for Π) or Molality (for ΔT) is required.

Property Specific Inputs

K_f (°C kg/mol):

K_b (°C kg/mol):

Temperature (T) (K):

Van't Hoff Factor (i)

Determine 'i' from experimental colligative property data.

Inputs

Observed Property:

Observed Value:

K_f (°C kg/mol):

K_b (°C kg/mol):

Molarity (C) (mol/L):

Molality (m) (mol/kg):

Temperature (T) (K):

Raoult's Law (Ideal)

P_Total = P°_AX_A + P°_BX_B

Components A and B

Vapor Pressure P°_A (unit):

Mole Fraction X_A:

Vapor Pressure P°_B (unit):

Mole Fraction X_B:

Ensure P° units match. X_A + X_B should = 1.

Henry's Law

Relates gas solubility (X or C) and Partial Pressure (P).

P = K_H * X | P = K'_H * C

Inputs (Leave one blank)

Partial Pressure (P) (atm or bar):

Henry's Constant (K_H):

Mole Fraction (X_gas):

Molarity (C_gas) (mol/L):

Units of K_H must match P and X/C units.

Std. E° / ΔG° / K_eq

Calculate standard thermodynamic parameters from E°_cell.

Select Half-Reactions

Cathode (Reduction):

Anode (Oxidation):

Additional Info

Electrons Transferred (n):

Temperature (T) (K):

Nernst Equation

Calculate non-standard cell potential (E_cell).

Inputs

E°_cell (V):

Electrons (n):

Reaction Quotient (Q):

Temperature (K):

Faraday's Law

Amount deposited/evolved during electrolysis.

Inputs

Current (I) (A):

Time (t) (s):

Molar Mass (M) (g/mol):

Electrons (n):

Calculate:

Conductivity Calc

Λ_m, Λ_eq, α, K_a/K_b from κ, C, N, Λ°_m.

Inputs

Specific Conductance (κ) (S cm⁻¹):

Molarity (C) (mol L⁻¹):

Normality (N) (eq L⁻¹):

Λ°_m (S cm² mol⁻¹):

Provide C for Λ_m/α/K; N for Λ_eq. Provide Λ°_m for weak.

Kohlrausch's Law

Calculate Λ°_m of a weak electrolyte.

Λ°_m(AB) = Λ°_m(AX) + Λ°_m(BY) - Λ°_m(BX)

Inputs (Limiting Molar Conductivities - S cm²/mol)

Target Weak Electrolyte (e.g., CH₃COOH):

Λ°_m(AX - e.g., CH₃COONa):

Λ°_m(BY - e.g., HCl):

Λ°_m(BX - e.g., NaCl):

Ensure ions combine correctly (AX + BY - BX = AB).

Integrated Rate Law (0 & 1st)

Calculate missing [A]_t, [A]₀, k, or t.

Inputs (Leave one blank)

Assumed Order:

[A]₀ (M):

[A]_t (M):

Rate Constant (k):

Time (t) (units):

Units for k and t must be consistent.

Half-Life Calc (0 & 1st)

Calculate t_½ from k or vice versa.

Inputs

Reaction Order:

Rate Constant (k):

Half-life (t_½):

[A]₀ (M):

Units for k/t_½ must match. [A]₀ needed for Zero Order.

Arrhenius Equation

Relates k, Ea, T, A (one-point or two-point).

Mode & Inputs (Leave one blank)

Mode:

k₁ or k:

T₁ or T (K):

k₂:

T₂ (K):

Ea (kJ/mol):

Pre-exponential Factor (A):

Ensure T in Kelvin. Units of k & A must match.

Rate Calculator

Calculate reaction rate using the rate law.

Rate = k[A]^m[B]ⁿ...

Rate Law Parameters

Rate Constant (k):

Units of k:

Reactant Concentrations & Orders

Conc. [Reactant 1] (M):

Order (Reactant 1):

Gibbs Free Energy

ΔG = ΔH - TΔS and spontaneity prediction.

Inputs

ΔH (kJ/mol):

ΔS (J/mol·K):

Temperature (T) (K):

Kp / Kc Relationship

Convert between Kp and Kc.

K_p = K_c(RT)^Δn

Inputs

Known Constant:

Value:

Temperature (T) (K):

Δn_gas (mol product gas - mol reactant gas):

R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K used. Assumes Kp in atm.

Buffer pH (H-H Eq)

pH = pKa + log₁₀([Base]/[Acid])

Inputs

pKa of Weak Acid:

[Weak Acid] (M):

[Conjugate Base] (M):